舰载机着舰舰面效应及其补偿方法研究

根据舰面效应的作用机理,分析了舰面效应对舰载机着舰的影响,总结了舰载机在不同着舰模式下的舰面效应补偿方法.针对舰载机自动着舰模式,通过分析舰面效应所产生的附加升力造成的着舰偏差,提出了引导信号指令修正的舰面效应补偿方法,并给出了舰面效应自动补偿方法的具体流程,分析了自动补偿方法的特性及其应用面临的关键问题.     

蜂窝状薄壁管拉伸时的收缩分析

为研究蜂窝材料拓扑结构与其整体力学性能的关系，从非平面Vertex模型的势能形式出发，结合蜂窝薄壁管拉伸时的轴对称特征，通过变分法得到了管拉伸时母线满足的控制方程，证实了边界效应是蜂窝状薄壁管受拉时产生收缩的原因，并结合控制方程的若干特解，考察了非平面Vertex模型中材料参数对管弯曲程度的影响。结果表明，非平面Vertex模型中表征夹角势强度的参数决定了材料的整体抗弯性，而距离管端最近的3层元胞是管拉伸时的主要收缩区。最后进一步探讨了蜂窝薄壁管曲率与收缩幅度之间的非线性关系，揭示了构型曲率是蜂窝材料泊松比的影响因素之一。     

Effects of tooth bending damage on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals

Tooth bending damage resulting from an intense impact by the rotor sometimes occurs in the transient operation. To investigate the influence of after-damage clearance and tooth bending length on the leakage performance and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals, three tooth bending damages were taken into consideration, including the unbent tooth damage (abbreviated as Unbent), the partial tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Pbent) and the complete tooth bending damage (abbreviated as Cbent). The transient CFD solution was utilized to calculate the leakage flow rates and rotordynamic coefficients of labyrinth seals with clearances of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mm for three tooth bending damages. The obtained result shows that the Unbent tooth damage leaks least while the Pbent tooth bending damage leaks most, and an increase of 6.1% for Cbent tooth bending damage and an increase of 19.4% for Pbent tooth bending damage are discovered at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm in comparison with the Unbent tooth damage. Compared to the Unbent tooth damage, the effective damping for Pbent tooth bending damage and Cbent tooth bending damage is lower and drops by 9.7%–33.6% and 8.5%–22.6% respectively at the tooth clearance of 0.6 mm, suggesting that Pbent tooth bending damage or Cbent tooth bending damage tends to weaken the seal stability when compared to the Unbent tooth damage.     

A novel range-Doppler imaging algorithm with OFDM radar

Traditional pulse Doppler radar estimates the Doppler frequency by taking advantage of Doppler modulation over different pulses and usually it requires a few pulses to estimate the Doppler frequency. In this paper, a novel range-Doppler imaging algorithm based on single pulse with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) radar is proposed, where the OFDM pulse is composed of phase coded symbols. The Doppler frequency is estimated using one single pulse by utilizing Doppler modulation over different symbols, which remarkably increases the data update rate. Besides, it is shown that the range and Doppler estimations are completely independent and the well-known range-Doppler coupling effect does not exist. The effects of target movement on the performances of the proposed algorithm are also discussed and the results show that the algorithm is not sensitive to velocity. Performances of the proposed algorithm as well as comparisons with other range-Doppler algorithms are demonstrated via simulation experiments.     

等离子体热效应对NACA0012翼型增升减阻的研究

基于等离子体热效应机理,在来流速度为34m/s和攻角0～12°内,对NACA0012翼型在等离子体激励下的流场特性进行数值模拟。通过研究等离子体激励的位置和数量对翼型的升阻力特性的影响,得出翼型增升减阻的最佳位置和数量。为保证计算模型的准确性,将未激励的翼型流场参数与NASA实验数据进行对比验证。结果表明:未激励翼型的流场计算参数与实验结果吻合度较高;在等离子体单激励下,最佳减阻位置位于翼型下表面的前缘,最佳增升位置位于翼型下表面的后缘,且二者受攻角的影响较大;在翼型下表面的前缘和后缘同时施加激励时,翼型的减阻比约为20%,最大增升比为52%。     

亚声速条件下总压探针临壁效应的数值研究

本文基于数值模拟的方法,研究了四种不同结构 (A型、B型、C型、D型)的总压探针在不同近壁距离条件下对流场及自身总压测量值造成的影响,并将数值模拟结果与文献实验结果对比。结果表明：相对近壁距离c/d越小,造成总压探针头部气流偏转角误差越大,总压探针的测量误差越大,总压损失系数最大值小于1%;当c/d>3,总压损失系数趋近于0,说明近壁距离大于3倍探针外径时临壁效应消失;在同一工况下,四种结构的总压探针测量值受到临壁效应的影响依次增大;被测流场流动均匀性减小,靠近总压探针支杆后方速度均匀度最小。     

螺旋桨安装效应对无人机气动特性影响

为解决某型飞翼布局无人机(UAV)带动力构型风洞试验最大升阻比相对无动力状态大幅下降的问题,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法对无人机无动力与带动力构型进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果分别与无动力以及带动力风洞试验数据吻合良好,在此基础上深入研究了螺旋桨安装效应对无人机气动特性的影响。结果表明:推力螺旋桨与机身之间气动干扰产生的低压区致使阻力增加,从而导致飞机最大升阻比相比无动力状态下降了30.7%。针对无人机在推力螺旋桨影响下出现的最大升阻比下降问题,采用增大螺旋桨与机身之间距离的方法可以有效地消除机身后部出现的低压区,减小了阻力,提升了无人机最大升阻比。桨毂拉长方案在8°和9°迎角下最大升阻比分别提升了17.3%和15.4%。     

航天器用薄膜温度传感器的研制及性能研究

飞行器以高超声速飞行时瞬间温升可达1 600℃以上,为了保证飞行器的可靠和运行安全,准确实时测量热防护系统表面温度显得尤为重要。针对高温环境实时测温的技术难题,结合磁控溅射技术和陶瓷烧结技术,提出了一种引线和传感器基底一体化的微小型高温薄膜温度传感器结构。采用高温检定炉对传感器陶瓷基底的高温绝缘性进行了测试,并使用多种微观形貌表征方法对传感器主要结构材料进行筛选,得到薄膜温度传感器制备所需的最佳材料组合。进行了薄膜温度传感器静态标定和综合性能高温考核试验,结果表明,所研制传感器灵敏度、重复性的变化与标准热电偶基本保持一致,在实际环境温度低于1 500℃时,传感器测量误差不超过4‰,可在1 200℃高温环境中连续准确测温6 h以上,且测温上限高达1 800℃,验证了该传感器在高温环境中进行测温的可行性和实用性,为航天器表面温度测量和热防护系统优化提供科学依据。     

NASA桘CRM阻力预测模型的计算验证

采用自研的非结构网格解算器UNSMB 进行了AIAA第四届阻力会议提供的NASA-CRM 翼身组合体（ WB）以及翼身组合加平尾（ WBT）两种构型的计算验证。重点分析了WBT模型的网格收敛特性、升阻力曲线、雷诺数效应、下洗效应以及压力分布等,并把计算结果与阻力预测会议上ONERA的计算结果进行了对比。分析结果显示,非结构混合网格解算器的计算结果与ONERA的计算结果吻合度较好,同时在一定程度上验证与确认了解算器的阻力预测精度。     

叶型探针级间堵塞对压气机性能的影响

针对航空发动机压气机级间参数测试中叶型探针的堵塞影响,采用试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,进行相互检验及校正,分析了堵塞影响随探头形式与数量变化的关系,以及堵塞影响随来流状态参数变化的规律,明确堵塞效应引起压气机特性变化的量级。确定了影响压气机特性的主要因素为压气机的流量、压升及叶型探针的堵塞比等参数,并在此基础上得到采用压升修正系数和流量修正系数修正探针堵塞影响的方法。